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Configuring Nginx as Webserver

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Thanks for visiting RvKmR.blogspot.in


In this post I am going explain about how to host your websites with nginx. Nginx is web server or we can use it as reverse proxy server. In this post we are discussing Nginx as web server.

Let's say I have two web sites that I wish to host with nginx. example.com and test.com are those two websites to be hosted.

Environment : Vagrant virtual machine(precise32)
___________________________________________________________________________________
1. Installing nginx and required libraries to test:

We can install it from vagrant provision script or manually from machine itself.
I am installing from manually from machine.

vagrant@precise32:~$ sudo apt-get install nginx wget links curl

2. Create website directories in document root and index page for those websites:

sudo mkdir -p /usr/share/nginx/www/example.com/html
sudo mkdir -p /usr/share/nginx/www/test.com/html 

I have created simple html page in above document root of respective domain as below.
for example.com

<html>
<h1>This is example.com</h1>
</html>

for test.com

<html>
<h1>This is test.com</h1>
</html>

3. Change ownership of those document root and files to executable(755)

sudo chmod -R 755 /usr/share/nginx/ 


4. Create server block for example.com and test.com:

Copy default block for both example.com and test.com 

vagrant@precise32:~$ sudo cp /etc/nginx/sites-available/default  /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com
vagrant@precise32:~$ sudo cp /etc/nginx/sites-available/default  /etc/nginx/sites-available/test.com

5. Create symbolic links of those files in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/   
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/test.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/  

6. Set appropriate values of directives listen, root(document root), server_name  in both of those templates.

listen : This directive specifies on which port server will receive requests from client. default is 80.
root : This directives specifies where the respective website is available.
server_name : This directive is used to set alias to domain.

There are various other directives available, but for testing these are sufficient. All of those directives must end with semicolon(;) because this indicate end of that directives and helps to trace where exactly error occurred.

After this our server block for example.com will looks like as :

Server {
            listen 80 default_server;
            listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;

            root /usr/share/nginx/www/example.com/html;
            index index.html index.htm;

           server_name example.com www.example.com;

           location /{
                          try_files $uri $uri/=404;
           }
}

7. Repeat above steps for test.com also and server block for test.com looks like as :

Server {
            listen 80;
            listen [::]:80 ipv6only=on;

            root /usr/share/nginx/www/test.com/html;
            index index.html index.htm;

           server_name example.com www.example.com;

           location /{
                          try_files $uri $uri/=404;
           }
}

Updating hosts file for domain example.com and test.com as:

vagrant@precise32:~$ cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1    localhost
127.0.1.1    precise32
127.0.0.1    example.com
127.0.0.1    test.com

Make sure firewall is stopped or port 80 is open.
Now you can test those domain from browser or command line tool curl, links etc. 
vagrant@precise32:~$ curl example.com
<html>
<h1>this is example domain </h1>
</html>
vagrant@precise32:~$ curl test.com
<html>
<h1>this is test domain</h1>
</html>
vagrant@precise32:~$
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